KREMLIN malware targets Brazilian bank users via browsers
Security researchers have identified a new banking malware campaign, active since at least May 2025, that targets Brazilian bank users by installing malicious extensions on Chrome and Edge browsers. The malware, called KREMLIN and tracked as REF9334, tricks victims with fake banking or business documents, then steals credentials, session tokens, and sensitive data. Elastic Security Labs found over 1,500 infections, with 98% occurring in Brazil.
- Malware spreads via fake banking and invoice documents
- Campaign uses malicious browser extensions for theft
- Extensions impersonate antivirus software
- Attackers use Ethereum smart contracts for C2 updates
Sources covering this
In this story
More in Cybersecurity
Microsoft releases record number of security patches
Microsoft released updates to fix at least 974 security vulnerabilities across Windows and other products, its largest patch release to date. The update includes critical flaws, some already being exploited, and over 100 rated as dangers that could let attackers seize control of systems. The unprecedented volume is partly due to the use of AI for vulnerability detection, but experts warn that rapid growth complicates efforts to test and deploy fixes.
Microsoft releases record September patch for Windows
Microsoft issued its largest-ever security update for Windows, addressing over 960 vulnerabilities in its September release. More than 100 of these flaws are rated critical, and at least two are actively exploited. Several issues from previous updates, including failures in Microsoft Teams and Outlook on ARM devices, have been resolved. The volume of fixes is part of an industry-wide trend linked to increased use of AI for identifying software vulnerabilities.
OpenAI pledges $1 billion for AI cyber defense program
OpenAI has pledged $1 billion in credits to help organizations defending critical U.S. infrastructure—including water utilities, electric grids, local governments, banks, and nonprofits—access its AI-powered cybersecurity tools, training, and support. The "Daybreak for Frontline Defenders" initiative aims to help these sectors strengthen their defenses as AI-driven cyberattacks become more advanced. OpenAI says it will expand the program to partner countries in the coming weeks.
GitLab patches critical file-read issue as attacks begin
GitLab has fixed a severe vulnerability that allowed unauthenticated users to read sensitive files from its servers. Researchers report probing of the flaw started within hours of the disclosure. The bug affects several recent GitLab versions and potentially exposes secrets, credentials, and configuration data. A separate critical issue was also patched. Organizations are urged to apply the updates immediately or restrict public access.